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I’ve done plenty of writing on the Application Layer Firewall (ALF) and the IP FireWall (IPFW) in OS X over the years. There will be more on ALF coming in “July” but in the meantime, there’s something I hadn’t written much about in Lion and that’s the pf implementation.To get started, let’s look at the /etc/pf.conf configuration file that comprises pf:
To clear your stats:
- Do you wish to have a firewall in your Mac? Smartly, sure and no. Chances are high that that your pc is in the back of the firewall that’s a part of your router, so having macOS’s firewall became off makes it more uncomplicated to arrange connections with different Apple gadgets.
- I followed the Apple documentation for Lion Server but with this Mac Os release, I'm unable to configure DHCP or NAT with my network settings. All the time I start Internet Sharing, NAT or simply IP forwarding, the server change his ip settings for the internal interface and use 192.168.2.x/24 address.
scrub-anchor 'com.apple/*'nat-anchor 'com.apple/*'rdr-anchor 'com.apple/*'dummynet-anchor 'com.apple/*'anchor 'com.apple/*'load anchor 'com.apple' from '/etc/pf.anchors/com.apple'
Here, you can see that pf is configured with a number of anchors. An anchor is a collection of rules and tables. Basically, the anchor file being loaded is /etc/pf.anchors/com.apple. In here, we see some rules (without comments):scrub-anchor '100.InternetSharing/*'scrub-anchor '300.NetworkLinkConditioner/*'nat-anchor '100.InternetSharing/*'rdr-anchor '100.InternetSharing/*'anchor '100.InternetSharing/*'anchor '200.AirDrop/*'anchor '250.ApplicationFirewall/*'dummynet-anchor '300.NetworkLinkConditioner/*'anchor '300.NetworkLinkConditioner/*'anchor '400.AdaptiveFirewall/*'load anchor '400.AdaptiveFirewall/' from '/Applications/Server.app/Contents/ServerRoot/private/etc/pf.anchors/400.AdaptiveFirewall'
These are mostly just allowing the Apple services to work with services enabled in the Sharing system preference pane, etc. The scrub options are pretty cool as it cleans dirty packets prior to passing them to their destination. To see how the rules are interpreted, let’s run pfctl with the -sa option, which shows all information/stats:sudo pfctl -sa
Here we see information like stats on timeouts, limits to rules, etc. Let’s look at the rules specifically:sudo pfctl -sr
Now let’s load a line below the previously called anchors in the first file:pass in quick on lo0 allpass out quick on lo0 all
This is going to always allow local traffic, which we need for a few internal processes. Then let’s block some stuff (after all, if we’re not filtering, why use a packet filter). First add the following to the pf.conf file to block all otherwise allowed incoming sockets:block in all
And this one for outbound traffic:block out all
Or to knock the two above lines out with one:block all
Then to do something pretty straight forward, like allow incoming icmp traffic for en0:pass in quick on en0 proto icmp
One more rule, to show how we’re going to pass and log data for data coming into en0 for both tcp and udp from anyone to the IP on that interface running 192.168.210.10 for port 548:pass in log quick on en0 proto { tcp, udp } from any to 192.168.210.10 port 548 keep state
Of the above, tables allow you to define ranges and basically alias IPs. Anything in this section of pf.conf in angled (<>) brackets is a table that has been defined. You can also build a list, which allows multiple criteria to be defined for a given rule and macros, which are essentially arrays of IPs, ports, etc, designed to reduce the amount of typing you have to do if you’re building out a big configuration file. Once we’ve edited our configuration file, let’s run a quick sanity check on it:sudo pfctl -v -n -f /etc/pf.conf
Now, provided we don’t get any crazy errors, let’s load pf with our rules (which also loads the anchors):sudo pfctl -f /etc/pf.conf
Then let’s set pf to be verbose while we’re testing (we’ll turn it off later):sudo pfctl -v
Then let’s enable pf:sudo pfctl -e
The return code should be something along the lines of the following:pf enabled
You can also add information on the fly. For example, to add a table of 127.0.0.0/24 call localsub:sudo pfctl -t localsub -T add 127.0.0.0/24
If you want to flush your rules later:sudo pfctl -Fa -f /etc/pf.conf
![Firewall For Mac Os X Lion Firewall For Mac Os X Lion](/uploads/1/2/6/5/126558666/775153197.jpg)
sudo pfctl -z ; pfctl -si
Once we feel good about the pf configuration, set it to be quiet to keep the logs small and make it a little quicker:sudo pfctl -q
And to disable pfctl when you’re done tinkeratin’:
Firewall For Mac Os X Lion 3
sudo pfctl -d
And to watch what it’s doing:ifconfig pflog0
Followed bysudo tcpdump -v -n -e -ttt -i pflog0
Overall, pfctl is pretty straight forward to use. There is a really good post (thanks to @sacrilicious for pointing it out) at http://ikawnoclast.com/2012/04/using-the-lion-pf-firewall-with-the-emerging-threats-list.html for syncing the Emerging Threats anchor from emergingthreats.net. And of course, OpenBSDs pf page is the best source of information on the project, available here. There are a few limitations. The pf command is limited to one processor, so running a dedicated pf host on an 8 core machine is pretty much overkill. RAM is important as pf doesn’t use swap space. The more you pay for a card, the better a card you get, for the most part. Check out the Small Tree cards as they’re pretty efficient…A few things I haven’t gotten working, the logging is kinda’ wonky. The antispoof protection seems odd (see the antispoof docs on the pf page), osfp (which might be other devices in my walled garden) and dummynet integration (which I have working w/ ipfw)… If I can get them working I’ll put together another post for that in my infinite amounts of free time. I also didn’t end up figuring out the upper limit for packets/rule lookups/table lookups per second… As I write more efficient tables I do more lookups and can therefore process packets faster. It’s annoying when I realize ***I*** am the bottleneck…
Enable Firewall Mac Os X
The Security & Privacy group of the System Preferences window on your MacBook are where you protect your MacBook from unwanted users or where you can choose to turn off your firewall protection (not advised!).
Settings here are divided into three tabs:
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General: To add an extra layer of password security for your MacBook, select the Require Password After Sleep or Screen Saver Begins check box. Mac OS X then requires that you enter your login password before the system returns from a sleep state or exits a screen saver.Click the pop-up delay menu to specify when the password requirement will kick in (it’s immediate by default). If you’re an admin-level user, you can set the global security features in the For All Accounts on This Computer section, which affect all user accounts.You can choose to do the following: disable the automatic login feature; force Mac OS X to require a login password each time that a System Preference pane is opened; automatically log off any user after a certain amount of inactivity; and display a message when the screen is locked.You can also specify whether Lion should update Safari’s safe download list automatically. (Safari uses this list to determine what files should be opened after downloading, which helps you prevent attacks by viruses and malware.)Don’t want small fingers accidentally controlling your MacBook with the Apple Remote? If you don’t need the Remote on a regular basis, click the Disable Remote Control Infrared Receiver check box to select it. (But don’t forget to turn your IR receiver back on for your next movie night!)
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FileVault: These controls allow you to turn on FileVault hard drive encryption, which makes it virtually impossible for others to access files on your Mac. Click the Turn On FileVault button to enter the passwords for each user, because even if you’re using an Admin account, each user on your Mac must enter her password to enable her account for use with FileVault, which allows her access to data on the hard drive.Click Continue to display the recovery key — go ahead and write that key down and store it in a very safe place — and then click Continue to enable FileVault encryption for the user who’s currently logged in; the user’s Login password becomes his FileVault password as well.If you forget both your login password and the recovery key, not even the technical experts at Apple can retrieve your data!
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Firewall: Mac OS X includes a built-in firewall, which you can enable from this pane. View controller programming guide for os x 10.To turn the firewall off entirely, simply click the Stop button. This is the very definition of Not a Good Thing; any MacBook hooked up to a network or the Internet should have the system firewall turned on.(The only exception is if you’re using a network that you know to be secure and your access to the Internet is through a router or sharing device with its own built-in firewall.)When the firewall is enabled, click the Advanced button to set firewall options.
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Gdal for os x. To turn the firewall on with only Mac OS X application exclusions, click Block All Incoming Connections — only the sharing services you select on the Sharing pane in System Preferences are allowed through your firewall.) This is a good choice for the most security-conscious MacBook owner, but your firewall will block third-party applications that try to access your network or the Internet.
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To turn the firewall on with exclusions, click Automatically Allow Signed Software to Receive Incoming Connections. (Yep, this is the correct option for just about every MacBook owner.) Any connection to a service (such as Web Sharing) or an application (such as iChat) that isn’t listed is blocked, but you can enable access for third-party applications on an as-needed basis.
In firewall-speak, these entries are rules because they determine what’s allowed to pass through to your MacBook.It’s easy to enable communications with a Mac OS X service: Just use the Sharing pane within System Preferences to turn on a service, and Lion automatically configures your firewall to allow communications. I describe the Sharing pane in detail later in this chapter.To add a third-party application, click the Advanced button at the bottom of the Firewall pane, then click the button with the plus sign. Navigate to the application that needs to communicate with the outside world. Click the application to select it and then click Add. To delete an application, select it in the list and click the button with the minus sign.Remember, you don’t have to add any of the applications provided by Apple with Lion, such as Apple Mail, iChat, or Safari; only third-party applications that you install yourself need a firewall rule.You can edit the rule for a specific service or application by clicking the rule at the right side of the entry. By default, the rule reads Allow Incoming Connections (including both your local network and the Internet); however, when you click the rule, you can also choose Block Incoming Connections to temporarily deny access to that application.For heightened security, click the Enable Stealth Mode check box, which prevents your Mac from responding to attempts to identify it across your network and the Internet.Question: Q: Installing Kodak drivers in Mac OSX Sierra More Less. Apple Footer. This site contains user submitted content, comments and opinions and is for informational purposes only. Apple may provide or recommend responses as a possible solution based on the information provided; every potential issue may involve several factors not. Kodak drivers for mac sierra. Driver installer is now MacOsXSoftwarei900v5.1.dmg.gz (Version 5.1) which supports up to MAC 10.13 (High Sierra) Kodak Scanmate i920 Driver File Details Operating System: MacOS 10.13, MacOS 10.12, MacOs 10.11, MacOS 10.09, MacOS 10.10, MacOs 10.108.If you suddenly can’t connect to other computers or share files that you originally could share, review the rules that you’ve enabled from this pane. You can also verify that everything’s shipshape in the Sharing pane in System Preferences. -